How long has crowdfunding been around? While some people claim that crowdfunding can be traced back to the 1700’s, others cite a campaign by Joseph Pulitzer as the first crowdfunding campaign.
Crowdfunding as we know it today kickstarted in 1997 when fans donated $60k online to the British rock band Marillion to fund the band’s reunion tour.
Shortly after, Artistshare emerged in 2000 as the first rewards-based platform for “fan funding.” Artistshare’s first project raised $130,000 and inspired others to launch crowdfunding platforms. Charities even joined in on the hype and utilized these crowdfunding platforms to challenge the public to back goal-oriented projects.
Michael Sullivan, an entrepreneur looking for backers to help fund his video-blog project, coined the actual term “crowdfunding” in 2006. Sullivan’s project failed, but the word “crowdfunding” was born.
Additional crowdfunding platforms continued to emerge, the most prominent of which would become Indiegogo, founded in 2008, and Kickstarter, founded in 2009. Today, Kickstarter takes the reins on crowdfunding platforms for creative projects. Over 146,000 Kickstarter projects have been funded and more than 14.9 million individuals have made pledges.
How has crowdfunding changed since the early days? In addition to rapidly gaining popularity, several forms of crowdfunding have since emerged: rewards-based crowdfunding, donation-based crowdfunding, equity crowdfunding and debt-based crowdfunding.
Rewards-based crowdfunding
Simply put, rewards-based crowdfunding platforms, such as Indiegogo and Kickstarter, extend perks to backers. These individuals are offered a tier of rewards based on pledge amounts. Rewards-based crowdfunding is extremely popular as the projects give backers tangible incentives for their support.
Donation-based crowdfunding
Donation-based crowdfunding is for individuals who want to support public initiatives and private needs without receiving any return for their contribution. While large charity organizations have long used the internet as a channel for donations, small organizations have not been able to do so until recently. GoFundMe launched in 2010 and has since become a leader in the donation-based crowdfunding arena, opening the door for small organizations in pursuit of funds.
Equity-based crowdfunding
In 2013, a 90-year ban on general solicitations was lifted allowing companies to publicly “pitch” to potential Accredited Investors, further changing the world of crowdfunding. In May of 2016, Title III of the JOBS Act went into effect, opening up equity crowdfunding to non-accredited investors.
Equity-based crowdfunding allows entrepreneurs to reach out to a large number of potential investors. These investors can obtain equity, in the form of partial ownership of the business, in exchange for contributions. The Securities & Exchange Commission keeps a close eye on equity-based crowdfunding and controls the regulations.
Debt-based crowdfunding
Debt-based crowdfunding is also referred to as peer-to-peer lending. Debt-based crowdfunding allows entrepreneurs to borrow money without turning to banks. Entrepreneurs can borrow from investors to fund their projects and then pay interest when repaying them.
Ultimately, crowdfunding opens up opportunities for entrepreneurs to realize their dreams and creates channels for individuals to become a part of the production process or invest in projects that they otherwise would not have been aware of. Enventys Partners specializes in marketing rewards-based and equity crowdfunding projects. To learn more about how we can help you with your campaign, get in touch today!
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